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Model Essay Comparison Essay Post-Classical Civilizations

Question: With the collapse of the classical civilizations, post-classical civilizations arose shortly thereafter. Compare the factors that led to the rise post-classical civilizations from 500 CE to 1200CE between two of the following regions- Europe, East Asia, Africa or the Middle East. Model Essay Comparison Essay Post-Classical Civilizations With the collapse of the Roman, Gupta and Han empires, the world was left in a period of chaos with little structure in most areas. However after these collapses and the interlude that followed, post-classical civilizations arose in various regions. There were various reasons for this that ranged from rise of religion to the re-organization of political structures. During the time frame 500†¦show more content†¦Though Islamic jihads spread rapidly throughout the Middle East and North Africa (even into Europe), they rarely forced conversion by the sword and instead wanted people to come to it of their own will, which allowed a â€Å"truer† believer. The reason for this difference is probably due to the threats that the early western European church faced from constantly invading nomads and thus wanted those under their control to be Christian and nothing else. Islam was not as concerned with this due to the overwhelming nature of their conquests. This is also demonstr ated in the eastern Roman empire (Byzantine Empire) because they never â€Å"collapsed† and thus allowed a diversity of religions within their empire unlike western Europe. The structure of these religions allowed both regions to have a sense of stability and common beliefs even though both had a diversity of cultures within their regions. This structure allowed for political systems to get stronger and protect the people during this period of constant invasion (especially for Europe) and allowed the rise of more advanced civilizations. One sees this with rise of the Holy Roman Empire in Western Europe and the caliphate empires of the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties. This similarity in the impact of structured religion in both regions can be explained by the need for people to latch on to any stable, organized entity that would allow them to survive the chaos after 500 CE. The revival of trade wasShow MoreRelatedAncient Greece, Rome, And Persian Essay2093 Words   |  9 Pages Culture Comparison The civilizations that I decided to elaborate on are Greece, Rome, and Persian. The purpose of this essay is to compare and contrast the similarities and differences of these civilizations. These civilizations will be analyzed in the area of their cultural, social, political, economic, diplomatic and military collating. 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Business Communication Report Hnc Free Essays

Wordcount (Excluding appendices): 1516 {draw:frame} Jan Cervenka HC-BUS-F Group B 2009 – 2010 Table of Contents Introduction This report was commissioned by Doctors Campbell and Stewart and compiled by Jan Cervenka of Total Administrative and Organisational Solutions (TAOS). It was compiled in order to examine the organisational issues and problems of Cairnwell Health Centre. The organisation risks losing additional funding for the next five years if the problems are not solved. We will write a custom essay sample on Business Communication Report Hnc or any similar topic only for you Order Now The main issues are low staff morale; high levels of stress-related absenteeism and a lack of appropriate IT. This report aims to examine these issues in detail and make recommendations for change. The organisation is Cairnwell Health Centre, which is located in the middle of the Hamewith housing estate in Fraserhead. It is headed up in partnership by doctors Campbell and Stewart. They employ a number of staff: a Practice Manager, two receptionists, two typists, an archivist and nursing staff. The capacity of the Centre is about 1000 patients. The report was to be submitted by 5 October 2009. Methods of Investigation Questionnaires were distributed to patients on 5th September Results were collected on 10th September. Staff questionnaires were distributed on 5th September 2009. Results were collected on 10th September 2009. Observation of the surgery was held on 11th September. Costing for new IT system was researched with Hewlett Packard on 15th September 2009. Doctors Stewart and Campbell were interviewed on 20th September Findings Patient Questionnaires (Appendix 1) Of the one thousand copies of Patient Questionnaires, which were distributed among patients, there were eight hundred and seventy six replies. The outcome was debatable, as you can see in PATIENT QUESTIONNAIRE OUTCOME (Appendix 2). Staff questionnaire (Appendix 3) Ten copies of the Staff Questionnaire out of fifteen copies were handed back to staff. The outcome of the Staff Questionnaire was more definite (Appendix 4). All members of staff felt uncomfortable within their occupation. All of them thought that the approach of the Practice Manager and leading doctors was not satisfactory. Members of nursing staff stated that they felt they are forced to work overtime very often. The typists and receptionists also pointed out that IT equipment is out of date. Their complaints were mainly addressed to the stability of hardware and to theage of software applications. Sometimes, they were unexpectedly unable to type in or find out personal data of patients, this causes long delays. Staff also think that that IT equipment does not let them work as well as they can. The majority of staff members would also welcome more training, because they sometimes can not deal with problems they face every day. They do not know, for example, how to deal with rude or elderly patients properly. Observation The main issues, which were extracted from both Patient and Staff Questionnaires, were affirmed by the observation of the surgery. The observation was held in the reception area, waiting area and staff area. It was noticed, that queues at the reception were undesirably long. Approximate waiting time was between 15-20 minutes. The receptionists were unpleasant and frustrated. It was found that this was caused by the computer, which stopped working suddenly. One of the receptionists tried to calm down waiting customers, but not successfully. The Practice Manager started shouting at the receptionist instead of helping her. They often did not answer telephone calls. Research into IT solutions It was found that the IT systems of the surgery were out of date and thus, very slow and unstable. Sometimes, it was impossible to type in personal information of the patients, because memory storage of the computers was full. In some cases, it was also impossible to find out personal data of patients due to system failures. Problems with IT equipment lead to increasing stress levels of staff. During an appointment with an advisor of Hewlett Packard, costing of IT equipment refurbishment was discussed. Interview with Doctors (Appendix 5) Both Doctors are ready to undertake appropriate changes in order to improve patient services rapidly. Conclusion It was found that the problems that the Surgery faces are serious and need to be solved as soon as possible. All members of staff do not feel comfortable within their occupation. They are not satisfied with the managerial staff of the Surgery. They are also not satisfied with the IT equipment. This leads to one of the biggest issues of the Centre – IT equipment. Both hardware are software are outdated. Problems with the IT is a major influence on stress-related absenteeisem. It was found that the doctors realise that the service provided to patients is not the best. They are ready to undertake appropriate changes to improve levels of provided service. Doctors Stewart and Campbell should consider the following recommendations in order to improve the efficiency of the Surgery. Recommendations To improve levels of the service provided to patients TAOS recommends following solutions. Staff meetings Meetings between the managerial staff, the leading doctors and the lower staff should be carried out regularly and communication between all members of staff should be improved. Occasionally, staff reports should be compiled. Relationships between members of staff Teambuilding Appropriate building courses should help to improve responsibility and behaviour at work of every member of staff. Refreshment facilities improvement IT systems improvement Training of Staff All members of staff should be trained in order to learn how to deal with patients and possible problems properly. Fosters Seminars and Communications Company (http://www. fosterseminars. com) can provide training courses for healthcare staff. For further information see Appendix 9. Appendices Appendix 1 PATIENT QUESTIONNAIRE Dear patients, _We would like to take this opportunity to ask you to fill in this short survey. Our company, Total Administrative and Organisational Solutions, is compiling a report about the surgery that you attend. Then, we can make reccomendations to improve the service provided to you. _ _Thank you for your help. _ _(Instructions: Choose an answer that you feel is right by ticking it)_ The attitude of nursing staff is: Poor Satisfactory Good Excellent The waiting times at reception are: Satisfactory Unacceptable The attitude of receptionist towards patients is: Poor Satisfactory Good Excellent The cleanliness of premises of the Centre is: Unacceptable Satisfactory Good Excellent Is there anything else that you think we should know about? Appendx 2 PATIENT QUESTIONNAIRE OUTCOME _Of the one thousand copies, eight hundred and seventy six replies were received. _ The attitude of nursing staff is: {draw:frame} The waiting times at reception are: {draw:frame} The attitude of receptionist towards patients is: {draw:frame} The cleanliness of premises of the Centre is: {draw:frame} In the comment section, patients wrote further feelings about surgery, which were not covered in prior questions. The majority of the patients are not satisfied with the approach of the receptionist. Many of patients also pointed out, that the equipment of the surgery is very good. They are satisfied with magazines, which are up to date. Appendix 3 STAFF QUESTIONNAIRE _Thank you for your help. _ _(Instructions: Choose an answer that you feel is right by ticking it)_ How do you feel about your job? Very satisfied Satisfied Dissatisfied Very dissatisfied How do you feel about the managerial staff? Very satisfied Satisfied Dissatisfied Very dissatisfied How do feel about your working hours? Satisfied Dissatisfied Very dissatisfied. Would you welcome more training? Yes, I would No, I would not Appendix 4 STAFF QUESTIONNAIRE OUTCOME _Out of 15 copies of the questionnaire, 10 replies were received. _ How do you feel within your occupation? {draw:frame} How do you feel about the managerial staff? {draw:frame} How do feel about your working hours? {draw:frame} Would you welcome more training? {draw:frame} In the comment section, staff members wrote down further feelings about their occupation. All of them pointed out the very poor IT equipment. This is discussed in the Findings section. INTERVIEW WITH DOCTORS STEWART AND CAMPBELL Summary of the interview Examples of questions *How do you feel about the service* which is provided to patients? Dr. Stewart I realis_e, that the service is not the best and I know, that we must improve it as soon as possible. Otherwise, we can lose funding for upcoming years. It would by mandatory for us. _ Dr. Campbell _I agree wit Dr. Stewart. I would like to tell you that we are trying to improve it, but we have not been successful so far. That is the reason why we hired TAOS – to help us. _ What do you think about high levels of stress-related absenteeism? Dr. Stewart I think, that the problem is caused by everyone. Not only by us and management. Still, I think, that the staff should work harder. Dr. Campbell _I realise, that the Practice Manager is often too demanding. Sometimes, he shouts at the staff without any reason. I think, that he should attend a training course. _ Appendix 6 Overview of the company Team building events for corporate clients†¦ We also provide central London Team Building activities, for example our London Treasure hunt which can be undertaken on foot and public transport, and our River Thames Rib Experience is a real show stopper. Appendix 7 To get more information about the RefresU Company, it is needed to make an appointment with a manager of this company. It is needed to fill in a contact form on their website. Contact adress: RefreshU Unit 18A Lenham Storage Ham Lane, Lenham, Maidstone, Kent ME17 2LH Phone number: 1234567891 Appendix 8 _ {draw:frame} _ Health solutions  » AMBER on HP systems  » Contracts management  » Electronic Health Records Hospital information systems  » Medical archiving solution  » Medical image management and PACS  » Printing Imaging Appendix 9 _~WE CARE~ A Guide to Patient Sensitivity _SM Dealing with the Challenging Patient_ SM_ _Documentation in the Clinic SM_ Work is Not Just a Daycare Program for Adults_ SM_ Dealing with Employee Management and Workplace Issues _ SM_ Mediating Disputes in the Workplace_ SM_ Reducing Conflict Improving Communication_ SM_ Violence in the Workplace_ SM_ _Legal Issues and the Nurse Manager SM_ Avoiding the Malpractice Blues_ SM_ Get Fired Up, Not Burned Out_ SM_ {draw:frame} How to cite Business Communication Report Hnc, Papers

Business Plan Private Communication Corporation

Question: Discuss about the Business Plan for Private Communication Corporation. Answer: Introduction: The Company has built up a one of a kind telephone utility that empowers shoppers to participate in two-way phone discussions, utilizing standard phones, without either party risking uncovering their actual telephone numbers. DirectReach, is the first product which was developed by the PCC organization that will be propelled in the April 2008. Utilizing a complex exchanging framework and exclusive programming, the Product will empower clients to get phone approaches any assigned phone line, through a without toll number and private augmentation. The Product gives three imperative advantages that address the objective end client's needs: protection, adaptability, and accommodation. (Covello, 2008) The Product of the organization is the full-included call-administration benefit backings numerous augmentations, a few call-taking care of alternatives, and phone message. At the point when a client sets up a record, he or she is conceded an individual augmentation number that can be allocated to a particular phone number, for example, a home, office, or cell number. The expansion number will be giving others, the directReach that is conjunction without toll number, the client can get telephone calls and participate in absolutely private, unknown phone discussions. The administration is completely adjustable, enabling the client to arrange the support of meet his or her one of a kind needs. The client controls all the Products that includes through an entire administration framework on the Web or through a simple to-utilize Interactive Voice Response (IVR) phone interface. (Philip, 2014) With the help of the control system, the clients can easily do below things: Modify the calling plans that are based on monthly basis and review the usage of the account. Check for the new messages and customize the voice mail for the product. Obtain the new extensions and terminate the new and old extensions for the product Different times will be receiving numbers for the different program. Indicate the getting number, and alter that number at whatever time. With the help of using credit card, activate and register the product. (Luster, 2014) The product programming and item configuration are restrictive to PCC. This enables the Company to offer such imperative components as usability, adaptability, and comfort for both the guest and the client. With access to all components through a simple to-utilize interface, the client can have finish control over the calls he or she gets. The capacity to change various calling choices enables clients to adjust the support of their timetables and requirements every day. Likewise, clients and their associates may call each other whenever, without having to first prearrange or facilitate a call. Business Environment Analysis SWOT analysis will get divided into the two parts (External and Internal Analysis). Weakness and Strength will focus on the Internal Analysis where as Threats and Opportunities will focus on the External Analysis. (Deetz, 2010) INTERNAL Strengths Loyalty based on the Client Quality of the products Global Recognition and Strong Market Position Weaknesses Overdependence in Florida Self-Cannibalization Products are very expensive EXTERNAL Opportunities Creation of the New Distribution Channels Advances of the Technology Emerging Markets Expansion Threats Created countries Economy Volatility of the Price Competition will get Increased Strengths Loyalty Based on the Client: PCC has a religion taking following status among clients and they additionally have actualized a faithfulness based program to drive the reliability with Rewards programs of PCC and Card of PCC. The PCC Card is the card program that is very esteem and provides underpins gifting, comfort and expands the store visit recurrence through incorporated and cardholders with application that are versatile. Quality of Products: PCC provides the most astounding significance to the nature of their items and maintain a strategic distance from institutionalization of their quality notwithstanding for higher yield. Global Recognition and Strong Market Position: PCC adequately use the brand equity that is rich by licensing their brand logo and merchandizing the items. Such of the brand acknowledgement and solid market position enables the company for increasing the competitive advantages by further improving the universal markets and furthermore help in enrolling with higher development in both global and residential markets. In past years, they have proficient huge sale in the economies with predominant relationship with the suppliers and circulation channels. (Hatch, 2003) Weakness Overdependence in Florida: PCC will create the huge percentage of the total revenue from the markets of Florida so that it is very sensitive to growth and economy of Florida. Self-Cannibalization: High immersion and forceful development due to wide congestion in the market that prompts self-cannibalization and diminishes ultimately the growth targets which are based on long term and focuses of PCC. Products are very expensive: While PCC differentiates the product items with very quality espresso combined with the whole 'PCC Experience', in times of the monetary retreat, buyers may be slanted to buy contender products with the lower costs to do without paying the premium. The prices are premium for the product and could pose some of the weakness for succeeding it in the developing nations. (Putnam, 2005) Creation of the New Distribution Channels: PCC has the great opportunity for expanding in future the end distribution systems for the product and they could drive more of the revenue is execution of the project is a success. They can leverage the efficiencies, financial powers, experience and size for making the new share of the market. Advances of the Technology: The usage of the mobile application is the leveraged that PCC has given and has some partnership investment. The application of PCC has integrated the payment application of mobile with their product. This makes it a convenience process for the clients and adjusts client loyalty through programs of reward. These will builds the use of the process ease for aligns of the clients and customers loyalty with the help of reward programs. This is a growing field and would drive more business to their stores as technology advances. Emerging Markets Expansion: The immersion of the expansion and self-cannibalization for the Florida s howcase makes it a global methodology considerably more imperative. PCC has made them great advances into various nations, with India as they are the late joining rundown with the passage of joint wander. (Schulz, 2004) Created countries Economy: In an inexorably and incorporated world of monetarily, the emergency of monetary like in 2008 and could have the impact of stream down from the markets of creators to creating markets. This is the risk that hurt incomes for the organization PCC as shoppers move from items that are premium and blend for remaining in restricted plans for spending amid financial hardships. Volatility of the Price: Huge variances in the market costs of espresso beans, which PCC can't get control Competition will get Increased: This is the long shot and greatest danger that PCC faces with being in the market for develop the arrange, there is expanded weight on PCC from its rivals. Thus organization will have to make sure about the competitors in market for their products. So, they have to maintain and build unique features to their products. (Wattanasuwan, 2005) References Ayyub, B., (2006), Uncertainty modeling and analysis in emerging and the sciences, vol 10, pp: 445-565 Covello, J., and Brian H., (2008), Your First Business Plan. 3rd ed. Naperville, IL Deetz, S., Dennis M. (2010). Power, discourse and the workplace: Reclaiming the critical tradition.Communication Yearbook13, 1848 Hatch, M., Maiken S. (2003). Bringing the Corporation into Corporate BrandingEuropean Journal of Marketing37 (7/8), 104164. Luster, K. (2014). The Top 10 Worst Restaurants To Work In. Retrieved from https://www.restaurants.com/blog/the-top-10-worst-restaurants-to-work-in/#.VY7tFu1VhBc Norlyk, B., (2013), Corporate Storytelling, https://www.lhn.uni-hamburg.de/article/corporate-storytelling Philip E. S., (2014), Strategic Directions for PCC, https://www.loc.gov/aba/pcc/documents/PCC-white-paper-Schreur.pdf Putnam, L. (2005). Discourse and Resistance, Targets, Practices, and ConsequencesManagement Communication Quarterly19.1, 518. Schulz, D. E. Philip J. K. (2004). Managing the Changes in Corporate Branding and Communication: Closing and Reopening the CorporateCorporate Communication Review6.4, 34766 Wattanasuwan, K. (2005). The self and symbolic consumptionJournal of American Academy of Business6, 17984

Confessions of a Freelance Writer

Ever wanted to get into the minds of successful freelance writers and ask, how do you do it? How did you land your first big client? Why did you choose freelance writing in the first place? For me, before I started freelance writing, I researched a ton of freelance writers. I looked at their web page, their social media presence, their guest posts, their clients, and above all, how they marketed themselves. Those freelance writers helped me with my business and marketing strategies. I also learned about other freelance writers either by contacting them for help or learning about them through social media. Since my blog is about helping freelance writers, I thought it would be beneficial to interview some of the fabulous freelancers Ive come to know and learn from. So, for February, Im going to do a spotlight series on freelance writers that have helped me on my journey to success or that have inspired me with their successful business. To kick start this series, I thought I might as well interview myself! So, want to learn more about me? You might be surprised by some of my answers. The SAHM With a Conundrum Im a mother and I have twin toddlers. Before I had my children I was a special education teacher helping children with special needs. And before this, I was a private behavioral therapist helping children with autism. So, how did I jump into freelance writing? The biggest deciding factor were my children. I finished my maternity leave and I had to make a decision if I was going to go back to being a teacher. But, something was gnawing at me. I just couldnt see myself leaving my 1 year old baby twins. They were too young, in my eyes, to go to day care and I couldnt wrap my head around leaving them for 6 or more hours every day. I also knew that daycare would be expensive for twins and any money I earned from work would go straight to paying the daycare providers. So, I had to think of something to bring money into our household. From SAHM to WAHM My husband works from home. He has always had his own company for as long as Ive known him, and thats over a decade. He mentioned to me that theres money to be made online. I really didnt think it was for me. I couldnt find an online gig that I liked. I started reading mommy blogs and learning that many of these moms did freelance writing on the side. So, I researched more about freelance writing and thought that this could be something I could do. Once I get an idea in my head, I go with it full force. I put up a website, researched freelance writers and did what every new freelance writer does: start on content mills. I went to iWriter and got paid less than $2 for a 300 word post. I hated it. Then I moved to freelance marketplaces like Guru. I mustve not been good at these places because I never received work from them! I pitched and pitched, but nothing. What Does  Your Husband Think About  Your Choice? My husband has always supported my decisions and once he saw me latch on to the idea of being a freelance writer, he helped me as much as he could. In fact, he designed my current website and helped me get a gravatar (which I knew nothing about except, whenever I posted a comment on a blog, I always wondered why my picture never showed up). Im fortunate enough to stay home and raise my children and still work. Family helps out as much as possible and its a relief to know that I can rely on family for childcare should a deadline loom. Being Your Own Boss Has Its Dark Side There are some limitations to being a freelance writer. Here are mine: No social interaction You have to work longer hours (at least in the beginning of your career) and often miss family obligations Youre often working every day No holiday pay (unless you build that into your rate) Online work can be risky. Clients may end up not paying you or you could be waiting months or years to get paid Youll always be hustling However, there are freedoms of being your own boss: I decide my work week I choose how many hours I want to work I chose my rate There is no limit to how much I can make as a webpreneur Authority Sites and Poor Communication In the short time Ive been a freelance writer, Ive come across my fair share of winnings and challenges. For my wins, Ive secured some  big clients within their niches. As for challenges, Im realizing Im not the best communicator when it comes to email exchanges. But, that quickly changed. I learned that less is more and that bullet lists are better in email correspondences. How Long Did It Take You to Land Your First Client? For me, it took me close to 2 months after I set up my website and did all my research to becoming a freelance writer (and after my iWriter and Guru phase). I applied to an automotive website from a job board. I landed an interview a free weeks later and got the gig! Innovative Inks Goals I recently joined a mastermind group that meets on Google hangouts and one of the questions asked was what my goals are for my business. In all honesty, I really didnt have any goals, just big ideas. For example, I want to make more money. Or, I want to have more clients, so that I can make more money. Well, during the mastermind group, I was introduced to SMART Goals, which stand for: Specific Measurable Attainable Relevant Time-bound Basically, in order to see progress in your business, setting up goals that are easily obtainable, can be measured,  are clear and has a time frame are easier to accomplish. So, based on SMART goals, Ive decided to aim for a monthly  income goal  that can be reached easily. Once I reach that goal, Ill increase my monthly income goal. One way to increase my monthly  income is to diversify my income. You can do this many ways, but for my business Im going to start affiliate marketing. Monetizing your blog is one of the best ways of diversifying your income. So, look out for that! How Do You Secure Gigs? Im finding the main ways I secure gigs are: Inbound marketing – I often get requisitions through my contact form on Innovative Ink Social media – Ive gotten gigs from Twitter Job boards – I recently joined Tom Ewers Paid to Blog Jobs board, so we will see if this pays off. Top Three Resources for Newbies? When I started freelancing, I found these websites to be hugely helpful: Enchanting Marketing – Henneke Duistermaats copy website Freelance Writers Online – Kirsty Stuarts freelance writing site Writing Thoughts – Laura Spencers highly helpful writing site My Ultimate Advice For New Freelance Writers If I could give only one tip  to new freelance bloggers, it would be: pitch to  jobs you may not feel qualified for. Use any past experience to draw from when pitching. The time you spent researching educational apps for your child could lead to a writing job at a start-up technology company. Or, that community college course you took on floral arrangements could open the doors to wedding writing or writing for an event planning business. So, take a few minutes to write down times in your life where you tried something, learned something or experienced something new. You might be surprised at what skills you come up with to help you with your freelance blogging. Hurry Up Before its Too Late! Im offering two freebies for anyone who signs up to my monthly newsletter. The catch? It expires January 31st. So, if you dont want to miss out on getting your free eBook to pitching to clients and a guide to key questions you should ask a prospective client, sign up today! Look out for my first fabulous freelance writer I interview, on February 1st.

The Pre-Trial Motions Stage of a Criminal Case

The Pre-Trial Motions Stage of a Criminal Case After it is decided that a criminal case will proceed to trial, pre-trial motions can be presented to the court that can influence how the trial is conducted. Those motions can address many different topics and issues. Pre-trial motions can address the evidence to be presented at the trial, the witnesses who will testify and even the type of defense the defendant can present. For example, if a defendant plans to plead not guilty by reason of insanity, a pre-trial motion must be made to the court and a hearing conducted to determine if that defense will be allowed. The same is true if the defendant pleads guilty but mentally ill. Each pre-trial motion can prompt a mini-trial before the judge in which witnesses can be presented. Most pre-trial motion hearings consist of the prosecution and defense making oral arguments to support their case, along with written arguments citing case law precedents. In pre-trial motions, the judge makes the final decision. There is no jury present. For each side, depending on how the judge rules, that ruling can be the basis for a future appeal. The defense can argue that the judge made an error in the ruling, affecting the outcome of the eventual trial. Pre-trial motions can address a broad range of issues. Some common ones include: Motion to Dismiss An attempt to get a judge to dismiss a charge or the entire case. If may be used when there is not enough evidence or when the evidence or facts in the case do not equal a crime. It is also filed when the court does not have the authority or jurisdiction to make a ruling in the case. For example, if a will is being contested, the case would have to be decided by a probate court and not a small claims court. A motion to dismiss the case based on lack of subject matter jurisdiction would likely be filed. Motion for Change of Venue Most often a request for a change of venue of the trial is due to pre-trial publicity. Famous Cases When Changes of Venue were Granted The four Los Angeles police officers charged with assault of Rodney King in 1991, had their trial moved from  Los Angeles County to  Ventura County.Oklahoma City Bomber Timothy McVeigh was granted a change of venue  from Oklahoma to the U.S. District Court in Denver, Colorado.Beltway snipers Lee Boyd Malvo and John Allen Muhammad had their trials moved from northern Virginia to Chesapeake and Virginia Beach, in southeastern Virginia. Motion to Suppress Evidence Used to keep certain statements or evidence from being introduced as evidence. Seasoned judges will not admit any statement or evidence into evidence that could serve as a basis for a reversal of a conviction. A motion to suppress evidence often addresses issues such as Evidence seized illegally.Confessions wrongly obtained.Statements improperly obtained.If there was probable cause to make an arrest. For example, if police conducted a search without probable cause (in violation of the Fourth Amendment), an attempt to suppress the evidence found as a result of that search might be granted. The Casey Anthony Case; Motion to Suppress Evidence Casey Anthony was found not guilty of first-degree murder, aggravated child abuse, and aggravated manslaughter of her child, Caylee Anthony. Judge Belvin Perry denied Anthonys defense attorneys motions to suppress statements made by Anthony to George, Cindy, and Lee Anthony, pen pal Robyn Adams and corrections officer Sylvia Hernandez. The judge also denied the defenses motion to suppress statements Anthony made to law enforcement because she had not been read her Miranda Rights. The judge agreed with prosecutors that at the time of the statements, Anthony was not a suspect. Although the defense motions to suppress evidence were denied, Anthony was found not guilty. However, had she been found guilty, the denial to suppress evidence could have been used in the appeals process to reverse the conviction. Other Examples of Pre-Trial Motions To challenge the search warrant issued in the case.To exclude some evidence gathered during the search.To exclude statements made by the defendant to investigators.To determine if expert witnesses can testify.To challenge expert testimony.To request a gag order in the case.

WRITE A PLAN HOW YOU WOULD POSITION YOURSELF FOR VICE PRESIDENT HUMAN Essay

WRITE A PLAN HOW YOU WOULD POSITION YOURSELF FOR VICE PRESIDENT HUMAN RESOURCE - Essay Example The Human Resources Department is tasked with specific functions to carry out its objectives. In order to perform these functions well, its personnel should possess the necessary qualifications, most especially, the person leading them – the vice president for human resources. It is in this regard that this essay is written to present a plan for the position of vice president for human resources in a particular organization. The plan would entail presenting the general scope of responsibilities and further detailing the specific roles and responsibilities of a vice president for human resources. In addition, the mission and vision of the department would be identified to present the focus or objective of the department and identify the department’s strategy to attain organizational goals. According to Wytenburg, â€Å"the Vice President of Human Resources/HR Director is responsible for establishing the company’s personnel base (employed and otherwise) and ensuring this base is adequate and appropriate to its strategic and operational needs. This role will often involve such things as career coaching and organizational development, leadership planning and development, and the planning and delivery of training and education.† As the Vice President for Human Resources, the scope of the responsibilities encompasses five functions: job organization and information, acquisition or recruitment of personnel, maintenance, development and research on human resources. The vice president is tasked to supervise, control, and direct the overall implementation of personnel policies while his or her managers and staff takes care of specialized personnel functions. The specific and technical duties of a vice president are complex and multifarious in terms of performing general management functions in relation to top management and to the human resources department personnel. The detailed responsibilities of the position require

The anti-terrorism law in the U.K. and its overall impact Coursework

The anti-terrorism law in the U.K. and its overall impact - Coursework Example However, in the middle of the middle of the government’s role to provide security of its citizens, the anti-terrorist laws have created a huge negative impact. This report will discuss the anti-terrorism law in the U.K. and its overall impact. Light will be shed on how this law has innocently disrupted lives. Introduction Oxford dictionary defines terrorism as the â€Å"unofficial and unauthorized use of violence in the pursuit of political aims (Oxford Dictionary, 2012).† Terrorism is not a new concept, it has been used since the prehistoric times but it is relatively hard to describe in words that can encompass the entire concept behind this term. Terrorism has been used as both, a tactic as well as a strategy; for criminal purposes and as a holy duty. Whatever is case; an act of terrorism is extremely reprehensible and has no justifications what so ever. Unfortunately, this line of thought is not adopted by all people. Terrorism has always been useful approach for th e side whose argument or strength is weaker as compared to the other. On a larger, national scale, terrorism is defined as the use of violence to inculcate fear in the minds of people and intimidate and coerce governments and different societies to pursue goals of the terrorists. The reason why terrorism is so wrong is because its influence goes way beyond just the intended victim, it at times have consequences for entire nations (Terrorism Research, 2012). Terrorism Ever since the incident of twin towers in America on 9th September, 2001, the threat of terrorism has magnified. Ever since that unforgettable day referred to as 9/11, terrorism is a word that looms large in the minds of people. War against terrorism is a commonly heard term and many different nations as well Britain are participants in this war to provide their citizens with a sense of security and to keep them safe from terrorists. However, for the United Kingdom, there is nothing new about the threat of terrorism or the legal response to it. Throughout the course of history, Britain has been the victim of many terrorist acts. However, for the purpose of this report, the events, legislation and the effect of that legislation prior to 2001 will not be considered. The disastrous occurrence of 9/11 did not result in any immediate or drastic change in the legislation that was directed towards curbing terrorism. Most of the legislation pertaining to terrorism already existed. However as a direct consequence of 9/11, The Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001 were passed. This terrorism act incorporated in the British legislation has resulted in Britain having the most comprehensive legal framework in all of Europe to fight terrorism (Bennet, 2005). The Anti-Terrorism Act The Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001 were aimed at amending the Terrorism Act 2000. Its purpose was to include more stipulation about terrorism and security. It provided provisions for the freezing of assets and immig ration and asylum. The act intended to amend as well as extend the scope of criminal law and its powers for preventing crime from happening and enforcing that law. The Act included in it laws which made retention of communication data legal. The Act also included provisions for the control of pathogens and toxins (Anti-terrorism, 2001). The major constituent of the bill was the government of the time’s determination to find a way of dealing with foreign nationals and visitors who were suspected of involvement in terrorism activities by

Contemporary Business Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Contemporary Business Analysis - Essay Example All major assets, even land, lost their values overnight. The entire world seemed at a loss about what to do. The major financial heads all over the world started thinking about he steps that should be taken to avoid such an incident to occur again. When the matter was observed, the major reason that was seen which led to the recession was found to be too mush lending done by the banks all over the world, particularly US. The question of the day was what to do to avoid this kind of crisis. One of the popular suggestions given was the requirement by central banks to private banks to increase their reserves that are held at the central bank. The suggestion was given much thought because it held many positives. Firstly, even if private banks again engross themselves in over lending in the future, the reserves held at the central bank would be more than enough to bail out the economy before the stage of recession is reached. The reserves would not only provide stability to the monetary system, but would also stop inflation from reaching massive heights, and would also allow banks and other major financial institutions, which are affected first in case of recession, to remains stable and in power to control the situation. Secondly, the major advantage of increasing reserves would be to save the common man from the repercussions of recession. We saw the examples of how people are affected. They lose their jobs, can't afford a lot of thing due to high prices, find their major assets like homes and investments losing value, and have to face the harsh life of bankruptcy. This eventually leads to fall out of entire economies. If federal reserves are in place then this whole scenario can be avoided by injecting liquid money in the economy at regular intervals so that inflation does not rise rapidly. Also the monetary base will help in keeping the value of assets intact over longer period of time. Thirdly, for private banks, let us first study all the positive implications. In the recession, the institutions most adversely hit are private banks, as they do not have the backing of governments like central banks; and also they are the ones that have all their assts as loans to individuals (Ganley). So when the value of assets fall or when people declare bankruptcy, they are the ones who take the hit as now they don't have any way to regain their money. By increasing the federal reserve base, the banks also have more security against their loans getting defaulted. Also, it was seen in many examples that banks have to declare insolvency or even bankruptcy, observing that the collateral on their bad debts have now lost all of its value. In such a case, the reserve base could be helpful to the banks such that they can maintain their base and have even a small amount of that base to have as liquid strength. Now let us discuss the negative implications of such a requirement. First of all, the private banks may be reluctant to go for such a measure. A bank is an institution that has to keep its profits high and its shareholders happy. If the reserves were to rise, then the banks will have less money to lend (Harrington, 2009). This would mean less money to gain interest from, which directly says less income earned by the banks (Harrington, 2009). As we know now that retail banking has become the key aspect in a bank's operations, therefore such a measure can hurt the profits of the bank tremendously. Second, as

Advantages and Disadvantages of Ethanol as Fuel

Advantages and Disadvantages of Ethanol as Fuel The top five producers and users of ethanol in 2005 were Brazil producing 4.35 billion gallons per year, The United States producing 4.3 billions gallons per year, China producing 530 million gallons per year, The European Union producing 250 millions gallons per year and India producing 80 million gallons per year. Brazil and The United States account for about 90 per cent of all ethanol production, although in the last few year the United States production of ethanol has grown to about 4.6 billion gallons per year and are now widely consider the worlds largest producer of ethanol. The advantages of ethanol use are: The fuel can utilise existing distribution outlets. Other fuel sources such as hydrogen would require the creation of distribution networks and technology with accompanying establishment costs It is a renewable resource and so would reduce the use of non-renewable materials. It could reduce green house gas emissions if solar energy was used to distil it from aqueous solutions. It reduces dependence on imported oil and the influence of the oil cartels that currently control oil production and price. This reduced dependence on imported oil also protects consumers from the economic variations that are caused by the political and social events in oil producing countries While it is very unlikely that ethanol will ever replace the worlds main energy source, it will reduce the total amount of oil the country would need to import. Disadvantages: There are claims that the production and distribution of ethanol as an alternative motor vehicle fuel source will in fact increase greenhouse gas emissions over those generated by conventional fuels. Large areas of agricultural land would need to be used to grow suitable crops, leading to soil erosion, deforestation fertiliser run off and salinity. There is just not enough land to produce the crops needed for ethanol to become a major alternative fuel, with crops at the moment only sustaining about 1 per cent of the worlds transport fuel. There is also a worry that the land needed for ethanol production will compete with food production. The disposal of the large amounts of smelly waste fermentation liquors after removal of ethanol would present major environmental problems. There is a cost involved in making ethanol is nearly twice as much as the cost of making gasoline. There is also a cost involved in modifying vehicles to use ethanol or methanol. Ethanol also has smaller energy density than gasoline, taking about 1.5 times more ethanol than gasoline to travel the same distance. However with new technologies the advancements in ethanol engines are improving every year. Although ethanol does reduce the toxicity of the car exhaust, it can also be corrosive. Ethanol can absorb water and dirt easily and if those contaminants are not filtered out successfully that can damage the inside of the engine block. The politics that surround the increased use of ethanol in Australia are uncertain. The major political parties have a clear policy position on this initiative at either State or Federal level. There is even debate within the minor political groups that usually defend the environment as to the long term benefits and consequences of increased ethanol consumption. With conflicting claims and a lack of clear evidence, a cautious approach has been adopted by politicians. At State Government level, it is the NSW Government that has principally supported the introduction of ethanol. It has been suggested that the NSW Labor governments position has been influence by donations from major ethanol producers and even the Rudd Federal Labor government is critical of a number of aspect of NSW expansion of ethanol production. Against this background, the NSW Government has consistently refer to the greenhouse benefits of ethanol as one of the reasons for its decision to require that 10% of all fuel sold is to be ethanol (E10) by 2011. There are claims that the long term uses of ethanol are as equally damaging to the environment as conventional fuels. For consumers acceptance of this alternative fuel source is as much about the price at which it will be delivered at the petrol pump, as it is about the environmental motivations. Fermentation and distillation have been used to produce ethanol for centuries, making it one of the earliest organic compounds to be obtained in nearly pure form. Fermentation is a process in which glucose is broken down to ethanol and carbon dioxide by the action of enzymes present in yeast. These enzymes act as biological catalysts, which first convert the starch or sucrose in the mixture into glucose and or fructose. Finally enzymes will convert the glucose and or fructose into ethanol and carbon dioxide. Yeast can produce ethanol contents up to 15 per cent. If the alcohol concentrations were above this level the yeast would be killed and further fermentation would be stopped. To further produce higher alcohol content, up to 95 per cent fractional distillation or even to 100 per cent more elaborate distillation procedures of the liquid are then needed. Plant materials suitable for fermentation must have a high concentration of simple sugars (sucrose, glucose and fructose). Starchy grains like corn, tubers like potatoes and fruits like grapes with high simple sugar contents are most commonly used. Cellulose and starch are biopolymers which are formed by condensation polymerisation of glucose monomers. Cellulosic ethanol is produced from woods, grasses and non-edible parts of the plants. There are two ways of producing ethanol from cellulose; gasification or cellulolysis processes. Gasification transforms raw lignocelluloses materials which are composed of cellulose, hemi cellulose or lignin into gaseous carbon monoxide and hydrogen. These gases can then be converted into ethanol by fermentation and distillation. Cellulolysis processes use hydrolysis, which is where enzymes are used to break up the complex cellulose structures of lignocelluloses materials into simple sugars which then followed by fermentation and distillation can be changed into ethanol. Bibliography: http://www.o2.org/ideas/cases/biopolymers.html http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-the-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-ethanol-fuel.htm http://www.pictonhigh.net/moodle/course/view.php?id=29 http://science.jrank.org/pages/2576/Ethanol-Disadvantages-ethanol-an-alternative-fuel.html http://www.ethanolproducer.com/article.jsp?article_id=2222 http://www.abc.net.au/catalyst/stories/s1763365.htm http://www.abc.net.au/catalyst/stories/s1763365.htm http://www.smh.com.au/execute_search.html?text=ethanolss=smh.com.au http://www.chemlink.com.au/ethanol.htm http://www.crikey.com.au/2009/01/20/ethanol-not-really-all-that-green/

Mexico :: essays research papers fc

Mexico   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mexico, the United Mexican States (Estados Unidos Mexicanos), is bordered on the north by the United States of America; on the south by Belize and Guatemala; on the east by the United States of America, Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the west by the Pacific Ocean.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mexico's borders stretch approximately 1,958,201 square kilometers or 756,066 square miles. That figure includes 5,363 square kilometers or 2,071 square miles of outlying islands. From north to south its longest distance is 1,250 miles. From east to west its longest distance is 1,900 miles. Mexico's coast line covers about 6,320 miles.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most of Mexico is just an immense elevated plateau, flanked by mountain ranges that fall sharply off to narrow coastal plains in the West and East. Much of Mexico's Central Plateau is a continuation of the great plains through the southwestern United States. The highest point in all of Mexico is Mount Onzaba (Citlaltepetl). It is 18,707 feet above sea level. Mexico's lowest point is near Mexicali. This area near Mexicali is thirty-three feet below sea level.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The capital of Mexico is Mexico City. The metropolitan area of Mexico City is home to about 14,987,051 people of Mexico's total population of about 93,670,000, according to a 1990 census. Although most of Mexico's population is from Mexico City, which is the biggest city in the world, Mexico's other cities include Guadalajara, Monterrey, and Puebla. Most of Mexico's population lives in urban areas, about seventy-five percent, and the population density is about forty-eight people per square kilometer, or one-hundred and twenty-four people per square mile.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mexico's official language is Spanish, although another language that is fairly widely spoken is Native American. Mexico's ethnic groups can be broken down into three major groups: Mestizo, Native American, and European. Mestizo's are people of mixed European and Native American ancestry. Mestizo's make up about sixty percent of Mexico's population, while Native American's makes up about thirty percent, and European's make up about nine percent. There are many religions being practiced in Mexico, but the biggest by far is Roman Catholicism, which is practiced by about ninety percent of Mexico's population. The other fairly big religion, while nowhere near as widely practiced, is Protestantism, practiced by about five percent of all people currently going to church in Mexico.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most of Mexico's big Cities lies within the Tropic of Cancer. Mexico City averages about fifty-four degrees Fahrenheit and twelve degrees Celsius in January, and it averages about sixty-three degrees Fahrenheit and seventeen degrees Celsius in July. Monterrey, which is above the Tropic of Cancer, averages about fifty-eight degrees Fahrenheit and fourteen degrees Celsius in

Zoe’s Tale PART III Chapter Twenty-Five

And so I went home, Consu gift in tow. John and Jane greeted me as I jumped off the Obin shuttle, all of us ending in a pile as I ran into Mom full speed and then we dragged Dad down with us. Then I showed them my new toy: the sapper field generator, specially designed by the Consu to give us a tactical advantage when Nerbros Eser and his friends came to call. Jane immediately took to it and started fiddling with it; that was her thing. Hickory and Dickory and I decided that in the end neither John nor Jane needed to know what it took for us to get it. The less they knew, the less the Colonial Union could charge them with at their treason trial. Although it looked like that might not happen – the Roanoke council did remove John and Jane from their posts once they revealed where they had sent me and who I was supposed to see, and had appointed Gretchen's dad Manfred in their place. But they had given Mom and Dad ten days to hear back from me before they informed the Colonial Union about what they'd done. I got back just under the wire and once they saw what I brought, weren't inclined to offer my parents to the tender affections of the Colonial Union judicial system. I wasn't going to complain about that. After I got Mom and Dad acquainted with the sapper field generator, I went for a walk and found Gretchen, reading a book on her porch. â€Å"I'm back,† I said. â€Å"Oh,† she said, casually flipping a page. â€Å"Were you gone?† I grinned; she hurled the book at me and told me that if I ever did anything like that again, she would strangle me, and that she could do it because she always was better in our defense courses than I was. Well, it was true. She was. Then we hugged and made up and went to find Magdy, so we could pester him in stereo. Ten days later, Roanoke was attacked by Nerbros Eser and about a hundred Arrisian soldiers, that being Eser's race. Eser and his soldiers marched right into Croatoan and demanded to speak to its leaders. They got Savitri, the administrative assistant, instead; she suggested that they go back to their ships and pretend their invasion never happened. Eser ordered his soldier to shoot Savitri, and that's when they learned how a sapper field can really mess with their weapons. Jane tuned the field so that it would slow down bullets but not slower projectiles. Which is why the Arrisian soldier's rifles wouldn't work, but Jane's flame thrower would. As did Dad's hunting bow. And Hickory's and Dickory's knives. And Manfred Trujillo's lorry. And so on. At the end of it Nerbros Eser had none of the soldiers that he'd landed with, and was also surprised to learn that the battleship he'd parked in orbit wasn't there anymore, either. To be fair, the sapper field didn't extend into space; we got a little help there from a benefactor who wished to remain anonymous. But however you sliced it, Nerbros Eser's play for the leadership of the Conclave came to a very sad and embarrassing end. Where was I in all of this? Why, safely squirreled away in a bomb shelter with Gretchen and Magdy and a bunch of other teenagers, that's where. Despite all the events of the previous month, or maybe because of them, the executive decision was made that I had had enough excitement for the time being. I can't say I disagreed with the decision. To be honest about it, I was looking forward to just getting back to my life on Roanoke with my friends, with nothing to worry about except for school and practicing for the next hootenanny. That was right about my speed. But then General Gau came for a visit. He was there to take custody of Nerbros Eser, which he did, to his great personal satisfaction. But he was also there for two other reasons. The first was to inform the citizens of Roanoke that he had made it a standing order that no Conclave member was ever to attack our colony, and that he had made it clear to non-Conclave races in our part of space that if any of them were to get it into their heads to make a play for our little planet, that he would personally be very disappointed. He left unsaid what level of retaliation â€Å"personal disappointment† warranted. It was more effective that way. Roanokers were of two minds about this. On the one hand, Roanoke was now practically free from attack. On the other hand, General Gau's declaration only brought home the fact that the Colonial Union itself hadn't done much for Roanoke, not just lately but ever. The general feeling was that the Colonial Union had a lot to answer for, and until it answered for these things, that Roanokers felt perfectly justified in not paying too close attention to the Colonial Union's dictates. Like, for example, the one in which Manfred Trujillo was supposed to arrest my parents and take them into custody on the charge of treason. Trujillo apparently had a hard time finding either John or Jane after that one came in. A neat trick, considering how often they were talking. But this folded into the other reason Gau had come around. â€Å"General Gau is offering us sanctuary,† Dad said to me. â€Å"He knows your mom and I will be charged with treason – several counts seem likely – and it's not entirely out of the realm of possibility that you'll be charged as well.† â€Å"Well, I did commit treason,† I said. â€Å"What with consorting with the leader of the Conclave and all.† Dad ignored this. â€Å"The point is, even if people here aren't in a rush to turn us in, it's only a matter of time before the CU sends real enforcement to come get us. We can't ask the people here to get into any more trouble on our account. We have to go, Zoe.† â€Å"When?† I asked. â€Å"In the next day,† Dad said. â€Å"Gau's ship is here now, but it's not like the CU is going to ignore it for long.† â€Å"So we're going to become citizens of the Conclave,† I said. â€Å"I don't think so,† Dad said. â€Å"We'll be among them for a while, yes. But I have a plan to get us somewhere I think you might be happy with.† â€Å"And where is that?† I asked. â€Å"Well,† Dad said. â€Å"Have you ever heard of this little place called Earth?† Dad and I spoke for a few more minutes, and then I walked over to Gretchen's, where I actually managed to say hello to her before I broke down in sobs. She gave me a hug and held me, and let me know it was okay. â€Å"I knew this was coming,† she said to me. â€Å"You don't do what you've done and then come back and pretend nothing has happened.† â€Å"I thought it might be worth a try,† I said. â€Å"That's because you're an idiot,† Gretchen said. I laughed. â€Å"You're an idiot, and my sister, and I love you, Zoe.† We hugged some more. And then she came over to my house and helped me and my family pack away our lives for a hasty exit. Word spread, as it would in a small colony. Friends came by, mine and my parents', by themselves and in twos and threes. We hugged and laughed and cried and said our good-byes and tried to part well. As the sun started to set Magdy came by, and he and Gretchen and I took a walk to the Gugino homestead, where I knelt and kissed Enzo's headstone, and said good-bye to him one last time, even as I carried him still in my heart. We walked home and Magdy said his good-bye then, giving me a hug so fierce that I thought it would crack my ribs. And then he did something he'd never done before: gave me a kiss, on my cheek. â€Å"Good-bye, Zoe,† he said. â€Å"Good-bye, Magdy,† I said. â€Å"Take care of Gretchen for me.† â€Å"I'll try,† Magdy said. â€Å"But you know how she is.† I smiled at that. Then he went to Gretchen, gave her a hug and a kiss, and left. And then it was Gretchen and me, packing and talking and cracking each other up through the rest of the night. Eventually Mom and Dad went to sleep but didn't seem to mind that Gretchen and I went on through the night and straight on until morning. A group of friends arrived in a Mennonite horse-drawn wagon to carry our things and us to the Conclave shuttle. We started the short journey laughing but got quiet as we came closer to the shuttle. It wasn't a sad silence; it was a silence you have when you've said everything you need to say to another person. Our friends lifted what we were taking with us into the shuttle; there was a lot we were leaving behind, too bulky to take, that we had given to friends. One by one all my friends gave me hugs and farewells, and dropped away, and then there was just Gretchen and me again. â€Å"You want to come with me?† I asked. Gretchen laughed. â€Å"Someone has to take care of Magdy,† she said. â€Å"And Dad. And Roanoke.† â€Å"You always were the organized one,† I said. â€Å"And you were always you,† Gretchen said. â€Å"Someone had to be,† I said. â€Å"And anyone else would have messed it up.† Gretchen gave me another hug. Then she stood back from me. â€Å"No good-byes,† she said. â€Å"You're in my heart. Which means you're not gone.† â€Å"All right,† I said. â€Å"No good-byes. I love you, Gretchen.† â€Å"I love you too,† Gretchen said. And then she turned and she walked away, and didn't look back, although she did stop to give Babar a hug. He slobbered her thoroughly. And then he came to me, and I led him into the passenger compartment of the shuttle. In time, everyone else came in. John. Jane. Savitri. Hickory. Dickory. My family. I looked out the shuttle window at Roanoke, my world, my home. Our home. But our home no longer. I looked at it and the people in it, some of whom I loved and some of whom I lost. Trying to take it all in, to make it a part of me. To make it a part of my story. My tale. To remember it so I can tell the story of my time here, not straight but true, so that anyone who asked me could feel what I felt about my time, on my world. I sat, and looked, and remembered in the present time. And when I was sure I had it, I kissed the window and drew the shade. The engines on the shuttle came to life. â€Å"Here we go,† Dad said. I smiled and closed my eyes and counted down the seconds until liftoff. Five. Four. Three. Two. One.

Conflict Diamond Research Essay

Conflict Diamond Research Essay Free Online Research Papers The war in other countries is plentiful but few, in particular, have had the US dragged into them. One that is causing major conflict within surrounding countries is the wars and civil unrest in Central Africa. The government in some African countries has been overthrown by warlords and rebels in order to gain power and instill fear within African citizens. They fund war acts through the diamond trade. In this, they have slaves and kidnapped workers mine sunup to sundown to find diamonds and minerals that they sell illegally to other countries to fund their terror acts. The diamonds mined are better known as conflict diamonds and are true to name due to the conflict they cause. As many believe with outstanding evidence to support, The United Nations should work together to stop the export of conflict diamonds. Starting off, the background of these notorious rocks should be better explained, â€Å"Conflict, or blood, diamonds are stones that are mined in war zones for the purpose of funding military actions by rebel forcesThe war zones are primarily in Africa.† (Human 1). These diamonds that are illegally funneled into other countries to fund the war are causing major civil unrest throughout all countries in the United Nations in regards to human safety. â€Å"Many miners and diamond diggers travel great distances to find work and submit to grudgingly long hours for low wages – or sometimes no wages The informal mining industry is where workers tend to be most exploitedChild labor has long been a problem in informal diamond mines Children have often been exploited to do excavation work.†(Cahill 2). The glamor of a diamond often has a dark unsettling past. The diamond begins within a natural cave underground until it is found by a miner, often unpaid or a slave worker or kidnapped child forced to work. After it is removed from the ground it is smuggled out of the country illegally with the profits more often than not going back to the warlords to fund their murderous and rebellious habits. The harsh reality many face is where these culprit diamonds end up, possible around your neck or on your hand as a symbol of status or a show of affection from a significant other, †There are numerous factors that contribute to jewelry produced under conditions that violate the human rights of the workers. This jewelry could be called conflict jewelry.†(Hight 3). Conflict jewelry does not meet the UN’s standards, meaning it cannot be legally sold, but this does not deter money hungry warlords who sell on the black market and continue the terrible cycle again and again. The history of blood diamonds is a truly dark one that should not be allowed to continue any longer. Conflict diamonds have done nothing but cause trouble. Money from these illegal diamond sales is often used to finance an insurgency or a warlord in a country of civil unrest that cannot protect itself. â€Å"The Kimberley Process was created in 2003 to stop so-called blood diamonds that fund rebel groups from entering global markets. But a September 2015 Amnesty International report exposed systemic weaknesses in the scheme. Armed groups in the Central African Republic (CAR), for example, are profiting from the countrys internal diamond trade.†(Time 2). To explain in greater detail, the Kimberley Process is a mandate put into place by the UN to stop the illegal diamond trades going on and help those affected by it, but the process has loopholes that the rebels and diamond industry abuse to continue to profit of off the countrys downfall. Opposing sides argue with this in order to better protect themselves and their economic interest, â€Å"We can be really proud that the Kim berley Process helped to address rebel abuses KP participants exported almost $10 billion dollars worth of rough diamonds. And the Kimberley process has played a role in promoting economic growth and stability.†(Remark 6). This is a statement made by Assistant Secretary Posner on the work of the KP who is paid by the Kimberley process to say that it is not failing and should continue to be funded, Despite evidence exposing the clear need for change, the diamond industry reacted defensively to our report and ignored the issues we raised. They continue to hide behind the veneer of respectability offered by the Kimberley Process rather than taking responsibility for what happens along their supply chains.(Time 4). Evidence shows that the Kimberley Process does not work in the way that was originally desired. Many diamond companies are still hiding within the loopholes and behind the African governments claim of humane and clean diamond trades with money going back to the people a nd the country, which is known not to be true: The conflict diamonds funds all go to warlords and rebels with the loopholes within the KP and the African Government. If someone gets kidnapped from their family or taken by gangs of violent people in the US many police forces and military members become involved to return this person to safety and take down whoever committed the said crime, but in other parts of the world such as central Africa, these crimes occur so often, they rarely go noticed. Rebel groups against the government take over small countries and use their citizens as forced workers and slaves, one use for them is in the diamond mines. These groups violate many human rights laws and racked up a laundry list of offenses against the African government, its citizens, and the UN. â€Å"Diamond companies must stop using the Kimberley Process to claim that their diamonds are free from human rights abuses and conflict,† Amnesty International said as the certification scheme holds its annual plenary in Luanda, Angola. â€Å"The Central African Republics (CAR) biggest traders have purchased diamonds worth several million dollars with out adequately investigating whether they financed armed groups responsible for summary executions, rape, enforced disappearances, and widespread looting.†(Time 5). The CARs chain of command is currently corrupt and being overtaken by rebels and warlords. Some of the countries are being exposed for child labor, tax abuse, human rights violations, and many other illegal acts that create profits for the rebels in charge. The UN has tried to blacklist many countries from exporting diamonds with no prevail. But some claim there is no abuse within the system and work is voluntary, â€Å"Informal mining settlements like Angovia have been unexpectedly popping up in recent years across the West African country. For many years Ivory Coasts economic fortunes were tied to agriculture†¦ the government reckons there are now some 500,000 small-scale gold minersThe number of artisanal miners in Africa has grown from about 10m in 1999 to perhaps 30m today.†(Jobs 3). There are many self-employed miners working to keep afloat but this is a small number compared to the slave workers in all of Africa. â€Å"In 2003, the UN imposed sanctions on Ivory Coast, forcing the country to stop trading diamonds. The sanctions were put in place because the risk of conflict diamonds entering the regular circuit would have been too great otherwise,(Ivory 2). says Margaux Donckier, spokeswoman for the AWDC. Ivory Coast has been abused before whos to say it won’t happen once again. The diamond trade is brimming with abuse and human rights issues that many have ignored for far too long. With conflict, diamonds comes to their namesake, conflict. These diamonds are more often than not a huge cause for government collapse, civil unrest, traitorous acts, and war. With all of this happening it makes it almost too easy for government opposed warlords to come in and take over countries with force. When this happens they sell out all mined resources to outside countries to fund the acts. Many countries and companies hide these minerals and their dark pasts to keep from the populations finding out they are privately funding wars and government overtaking. â€Å"CARs diamond companies could soon start exporting diamonds stockpiled during the ongoing conflict in which 5,000 have died. An export ban in place since May 2013 has been lifted by the Kimberley Process, which is responsible for preventing the international trade in blood diamonds. If companies have bought blood diamonds, they must not be allowed to profit from them, said Lucy Graham, Legal Adviser in Amnesty Interna tionals Business and Human Rights Team. The government should confiscate any blood diamonds, sell them and use the money for the public benefit. The people of CAR have a right to profit from their own natural resources.(Companies 3). The Central African Republic recently went through and is still in conflict with surrounding areas regarding the diamonds mined in the area. As a result of this conflict 5,000 were killed in the crossfire. Lucy Graham believes the UN should confiscate any blood diamonds and sell them for public benefit to rebuild the areas affected hardest by the diamond trades awful consequences. Yet some countries have been allowed to profit off of their â€Å"legal† diamonds, †Experts believe Ivory Coast has the potential to produce 150 to 200,000 carats of rough diamonds annually in the years ahead, representing a value of $25 million.†(Ivory 3). Ivory Coast was once a big country involved in the selling of ill-gotten minerals. After being ripped apart and rebuilt they may now continue this work above all the red tape that once struck them into economic debt. It is said that Ivory Coast has the earning potential of 25 million and that is set to grow, but what is unknown is if they may exploit their earning once again and ignore all the laws in effect once the hubble dies down and it can be easily overlooked by the UN. â€Å"The diamond-trading ban was imposed by the Kimberley Process, a global gem-verification group formed to halt the outflow of precious stones from conflict zones With the earnings from conflict diamonds, the militias buy weapons, pay soldiers, enrich rebel leaders and keep ordinary citizens in fear, in refugee camps, or separated from their families.†(Vives 4). As suspected, the Central African Republic is continuing the illegal trade of blood diamonds for war profits. At the beginning of 2013 the government was overthrown by militias and rebels. With this new power, they began profiting off of illeg al diamond trades. The revenue created by the diamond smuggling funded the rebellion and struck fear into neighboring citizens who were also made into working slaves. With this evidence, it is shown to be true that many companies are profiting off of the diamonds from war zones and the conflict from them is continuing to rise. The pain and suffering generated by the tyranny of blood diamonds have lead to government overthrow, casualties from war crossfire, and countries being thrown into a whirlwind of abuse and fear. African rebels begin by overtaking governments and enslaving people within their mines to create profit and revenue for their terror acts. The United Nations need to work together to put an end to the illegal trade of conflict diamonds once and for all. Cahill, Petra. â€Å"A Diamond’s Journey: Grim Reality Tarnishes Glitter.† Nbcnews.com, 29 June 2009, www.nbcnews.com/id/15842524/ns/world_news/t/diamonds-journey-grim-reality-tarnishes-glitter/#.WQJaJIgrKJc. Accessed 27 Apr. 2017. â€Å"Companies must Not Profit from Blood Diamonds.† AllAfrica.com, Sep, 2015, SIRS Issues Researcher, https://sks.sirs.com. Hight, Lauren. â€Å"The Fight for Ethical Jewelry.† University Wire, 2014, SIRS Issues Researcher, https://sks.sirs.com. â€Å"Ivory Coast Resuming Diamond Trade Thanks to Belgium.† African Press Organisation Database of Press Releases Related to Africa, 2014, SIRS Issues Researcher, https://sks.sirs.com. â€Å"Jobs in Africa; in Praise of Small Miners.† Economist, May, 2016, pp. 45, SIRS Issues Researcher, https://sks.sirs.com. â€Å"Remarks by Assistant Secretary Posner to the Kimberley Process..† Humanrights.gov, 2012, SIRS Government Reporter,https://sks.sirs.com. Staff, ProQuest. Human Rights Timeline. Leading Issues Timelines, 2017, SIRS Issues Researcher, https://sks.sirs.com. â€Å"Time for Diamond Companies to Stop Hiding Behind Kimberley Process.† Targeted News Service, 2015, pp. n/a, SIRS Issues Researcher, https://sks.sirs.com.Copy Vives, Lisa. â€Å"Smugglers Peddle ‘Conflict Diamonds’ from Central African Republic..†SIRS Issues Researcher, 24 Mar, 2015,https://sks.sirs.com. Research Papers on Conflict Diamond Research EssayLove & DivorceCombating Human TraffickingPoverty, Violence and Conflict - How are they Related?Alternative Dispute Resolution ClauseConflict Resolution TacticsBarack Obama's 2007 Border Protection PaperQuebec and CanadaAmnesty For Illegal Immigrants - Yes or No?Advertising EssayResponsible for Occupational Health Essay

Vietnamese Culture essays

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Allstate Insurance Company Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

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Management of People in Healthcare Organizations Essay

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Operations Function Essay Example for Free

Operations Function Essay This therefore implies that Operation Management decisions are not made in isolation. Rather, each decision is intertwined with other organizational functions following the strategic direction developed at the top level of the organization. In a nutshell, many of the decisions made by operations managers are dependent on information from the other functions. At the same time, other functions cannot be carried out properly without information from operations as detailed below: 1. Finance: The finance function ties all departments together with monetary measurements that tell whether the company is making money. They also regulate the acquisition of funds to keep the business operations going, and investing money received wisely. Finance managers need to work closely with the operations function to be able to determine the need for capital investments, make-or-buy decisions, plant expansions, or relocation of business operations. On the other hand, operations managers cannot make large financial expenditures without understanding financial constraints and methods of evaluating financial investments. It is essential for these two functions to work together and understand each other’s constraints. . Sales and marketing: The sales and marketing function focuses on maintaining and attracting customers to the companys products and services. To be able to satisfy customer needs, the marketing function needs to understand what operations can produce, what due dates it can and cannot meet, and what types of customization operations can deliver. The marketing function can develop an exciting m arketing campaign, but if operations cannot produce the desired product, sales will not be made. In turn, operations managers need information about customer wants and expectations. It is the responsibility of the operations function to design products with characteristics that customers find desirable, and they cannot do this without regular coordination with the marketing department. 3. Information and Communications Technology (ICT): ICT is the function that enables information to flow throughout the organization and enables the operations function to operate effectively. The ICT function must understand the needs of operations and endeavour to meet those needs as regards timely provision of required information.

Identity and Consumer Culture

Identity and Consumer Culture In the post-modern society, consumption became a very notion in peoples day-to-day life, consumer culture occupies the central position over the historical process of later modernity in the west, no matter we are black or white, fat or slim, male or female, doctor or housewife, European or Australian, people with a wide range of identities act as consumers in daily lives are obviously. The main task of this essay is to discuss the relationship between consumer culture and individuals identity, whether the contemporary concepts of identity fit with the qualities of a consumer culture, whether the qualities of consumer culture pose particular challengers for individuals to construct their identities. This essay was divided into two main parts: in the first part, different theoretical perspectives both on identity and consumer culture will be discussed; in the second central part, the essay will analyze and demonstrate how these two themes interrelated with each other. Over the centuries, there were a series of approaches on the subject about identity and self-identity from different aspects: psychology, social psychology, anthropology, sociology and philosophy, this essay will talk about identity from sociology and psychology perspectives. As Mach (2007) argues that identity is a symbolic construction, it is an image of ourselves, which we build in a process of communication with others. Therefore, it is dynamic and contextual, improving via dialogue and through the different ways in which people exchange the meaning of the diversity of symbols that constitute their cultural atmosphere and their social relations. Such as material culture, literature, ritual and myth, they are all the cultural heritage of people involved in the interaction, many other symbolic constructions (including these) plays a part in the process of construction of images, acting as the material out of which all these images as well as borders between groups are constructed. The construction of the identity of ones self and of others involves not only building symbolic images but also power relations, (March, 2007, p.54-55) which we must take into consideration. Between social groups there is an unequal balance of power, the process of communal symbolic identification take up the character of sustaining and legitimising the existing state of affairs through creating and re-creating the identity of all the members in that social context. Changes of symbolic identification and types of identity result from changes in the balance of power. Ardener claims that the construction of image of others and their model of identity is a performance of imposition (Andener, 1989 in Mach, 2007). The acceptance of this imposed identification may result from it. A person of a group may usually accept their identity as it has been created by their partners in the structure of society, in particular, if these partners conquer a stronger position in the structure of society . (Mach, 2007) Mach continues argues that there are two factors affect identity: one is the social relations of power and another one is the symbolic image of the world. The former contains not only the inner power structure within the group but also the relations with other groups. For example, if the power structure is a particular social group is incapacitated or oppressed, then its possibility to develop activities in which its identity shaped and transformed can be impaired. The latter factor is the conceptual foundation of these activities. (Mach, 2007) From a psychological perspective, Erik (1968) claims that identity formation makes use of a process of concurrent reflection and observation, a process happens on all levels of mental functioning, by which the individual judges him/herself on the basis of what he/she perceives to be the way in which other people judge him/her in comparison to themselves, while he/she judges their way of judging him/her in accordance with how he /she perceives him/herself in comparison to them and to models that have become pertinent to him/her. This process is more often than not unconscious except where internal conditions and external circumstances combine to aggravate an elated, or painful, identity-consciousness. (Erik, 1968, p.23) Furthermore, the process is always developing and changing, increasing differentiation and it becomes more comprehensive as the individual produces aware of a broadening circle of others significant to him/her. Finally, discussing with identity, we can not separate mut ual change and personal growth, nor can we detach the identity crisis in persons life and present crisis in historical development, because these two combine to define each other and are relative to each other. (Erik, 1968) Those are two theoretical perspectives on identity, next, let us move on to look at the concept of consumer culture. Everyday when we wake up we began to consume, using toothpaste and facial cleanser to wash, having some bread and a bottle of milk for breakfast, then we go to work produce goods, services or experiences for others to consume. Then we taking a break from work only to consume a delicious sandwich in the restaurant, after work we go to some clubs or pubs, if we still have some energy, go shopping or enjoying an incomparable concert, or even bought a CD and listening through computer. Therefore, our daily life is typically organized as alternating between times/space of work and times/spaces of consumption.(Sassatelli, R, 2007, p.3) So consumption has played a pivotal role in our daily life. In the modern world, central social practice and cultural values, identities, aspirations and ideas are defined and oriented relative to consumption rather than other social aspects, such as religious cosmology or military role. (Slater, 1997) As for Slater (1997), consumer culture is the main mode of cultural production developed over the course of modernity in the west. It stands for a social arrangement in which the relation between social resources and lived culture, between meaningful ways of life and the material and symbolic resources on which they rely, is arbitrated through markets. Consumer culture establish a system in which consumption is controlled by the consumption of commodities, and in which cultural reproduction is mainly understood to be performed through the practice of liberated personal choice in the private sphere of everyday life. Slater (1997) outlined some main features and characters in consumer culture: first, consumer culture is a culture of consumption. When considering this need to regard the main values of a society to be organized through consumption practice as well as in some sense to derive from them. Therefore, we might describe contemporary society as a pecuniary culture based on money, as materialistic, as commodified or as a society of choice and consumer sovereignty. Moreover, values from the sphere of consumption spill over into other areas of social action, such that modern society is totally a consumer culture, and not just in its specially consuming activities. Second, consumer culture is the culture of market society. We usually consume goods, services and experiences which have been produced exclusively with the purpose of being sold on the market to consumers. To a certain extent, essential to our consumption is the action of choosing among a series of alternative commodities produced b y organizations and institutions which are not interested in cultural values and need but in economic values and profit. The consumers access to consumption is organized by the distribution of material and cultural sources-money and taste- which itself is determined by market relations wage relation and social class. Third, in principle, consumer culture is universal and impersonal. Although we know that access to commodities is limited by access to money, commodity consumption is treated in principle as the activity of whole population. The idea of selling products is not designed to the needs of a unique and known person or community, however, which might be sold to anyone anywhere, presumes generalizable and impersonal relations of exchange as the foundation for mediating consumption. Fourth, consumer culture identifies freedom with private choice and life. Consumer choice is a private action, it is merely the ordinary version of the broader notion of private, individual freedom . However, the individual privacy choice seems to contradict social order, authority and solidarity. In many aspects, this is the main critics in consumer culture. Fifth, in principle, consumer needs are insatiable and unlimited. In consumer culture, the continuous desire for more and the continuous production of more desires is taken to be normal for its citizens as well as crucial for socio-economic progress and order. The increased is widely understood as both a spur and a response to individuals desires to become increasingly imaginative, sophisticated and personal, as well as individuals desire to advance themselves economically and socially. Sixth, within a post-traditional society, consumer culture is privileged medium for negotiating identity and status- the communication and practice of social position-under these conditions, tradition regulation is replaced by construction and negotiation, and consumer goods are important to the way in which we construct our social appeara nce, networks and our structures of our social value. However, Consumer culture is a contradiction in terms of culture because it characterizes the destruction of a stable traditional social order by capitalist and industrial relations that degrade real culture, challenge the social values that are essential for social solidarity and render peoples social identities fluid and unstable. Through consumer culture, through the use of goods, services and experiences that we formulate ourselves as social identities and present these identities. Goods can indicate social identity, but in the post-traditional society, comparing to others identity seems to be more a function of consumption. The images we constructed on the external of our bodies, our living location -appearance- become a central way of understanding and identifying ourselves and each other. (Slater, 1997) In terms of appearance, Giddens argues that bodily appearance and demeanour become especially important with the advent of modernity and modes of facial adornment or dress to some degrees mean individualization. (Giddens, A, 1991) On the one hand, our personal impression manifest our identity, so we consume certain goods to make ourselves look better and feel better which could be considered as a sign we construct our self-identity. For example, women consume cosmetics and beautiful dress to make them look good; some people use weight loss products to make them look slim; others may go to health clubs to built muscles or practice yoga to make them healthy. We choose these goods over others precisely because they are not neutral, because they are culturally incompatible and even in opposition to those perspectives on the organization of society and identity which we want to refute. In this sense consumption is the very arena in which culture is fought over and licked into shape. (Sassatelli, 2007, p.98) This means that consumption reflects fundamental choices of which type of society we want to live in and which type of person we wish to be, and what we do not agree to take and what we do not want to be. (Sassa telli, 2007) It is a process of internal self-examination and self-communication. In this process, people judge themselves, classify themselves and make themselves to choose, because consumers have sovereignty over their own needs, desires, wants, identities. (Slater, 1997, p.34) On the other, goods are good to think: they can be treated as symbolic means of classifying the world, as the tools of a particular form of non-verbal communication. (Douglas, M, 1996) Our world and society are classifies by goods into different class, lower class, middle class and upper class, people within different class have different social identity, according to Slater (1997), in principle consumers needs are insatiable and unlimited and whose desires grow much faster than their fortunes, (Ewen, 1999) So people in different class with different social identity and status want to rank among a advanced class to pursue higher identity in the manner of high value consumption. For instance, some may choose to go further for education and get masters degree or doctors degree; or others may choose to consume a famous brand to flatter their self-esteem, such as Chanel, Gucci, Christian Dior, Swarovski, Lancà ´me and so forth, therefore, some factories may copy those fashionable and po pular luxuries from upper class to fulfill those individuals desire and satisfaction on proving their social identities and status. A growing market in cheap luxury items allowed others to purchase the symbolic accoutrements of status. (Ewen, 1999, p. 59) We could negotiate, define, improve or observe our identities through goods, through consumption, through consumer culture; we also could be defined, guided and identified by those goods, institutions or communities vice versa, they are important in our daily life for constructing, reconstructing and maintaining our identity. Consumer culture offers wide range of guidance on the relation between the expanding sphere of meaningful consumer goods, experiences and services and the scheme of maintaining a self. This comes in the form of consumer magazines and the consumerist editorial columns in more general magazines as well as in the form of advertising. (Slater, 1997) For example, a teenage magazine named sugar considered as style bible for the teenage girl readers, because it provides a wide range of guides and instructions in the operations of femininity. To some degree, the developments in the teenage magazine industry during the 1990s can be seen as an intensification of the proce ss of logic of consumption. Increasingly promotional and editorial features have tied the making of adolescent feminine selves to the deployment and acquisition of appropriate goods and products and celebrated shopping and consumption as specifically feminine pleasures. Marketing publishers and directors were particularly active in constructing the figure of different consumers identity to meet the logic of consumer capitalism, and creating a natural fit between the demands and desires of those consumers with the solutions provided by the magazine product. Magazines are presented as dominant to the successful management of their readers who will have developed a strong sense of their own identity. (Bell Hollows, 2005, p. 173-177) Also, advertisement is another guidance guide us orientate ourselves for constructing self-identity. Slater (1997, p.86) claimed that in a commercial world, advertising provides maps of modernity, authoritative, discourses through and about objects which a llow us to orient ourselves to the social meanings of things. For example, appealing to insecurities and dissatisfaction around the job, certain advertisements not only offered their goods as a sort of job insurance, but also suggested that through the usage of their products one might become a business success-the capitalist concept of individual self- fulfillment. (Ewen, 1976, p. 46-47) However, under some circumstances, some advertisement or promotional images may not genuine or if the individual read them amiss, they may be lead very wide astray, because a promotional message is a complex of significations which at once represents, advocates, and anticipates the circulating entity or entities to which it refers. (Wernick,1991) People with different identities or people want to prove their distinct identities depend on choosing, we have no choice but to choose (Giddens, A, 1991, p.81), choosing according to ones taste is a issue of identifying goods that are objectively adjust to ones position. (Bourdieu, P, 1984) However, consumer culture increases the individuals experiences of anxiety and risk by offering more choice images and choices of different identities and by raising the sense of social risk let in for making the wrong choice, This kind of risk may cause identity crisis to some extent with the process of modernity. The description of modernity as mass identity crisis link up with consumer culture in several ways: first, the symbol of individual choice controls our sense of the social. Social structure and action are progressively understood in terms of individual choices take on in relation to the needs of/for self. Through the image of consumption modern identity is best understood. In the plural ized social world we choose a self-identity from the shop-window; objects, experiences and actions are all reflexively confronted as part of the need to maintain and construct self-identity. Second, identity itself can be seen as a commodity which can be sale. Self is not an internal sense of authenticity but rather a predictable condition of social success and survival. We have to create and sell an identity to a variety of social markets with the purpose of having intimate relationships, jobs and social standing. Third, both material and symbolic resources through which we create and maintain identities increasingly take the form of consumer goods and actions through which we create appearance and arrange social encounters and leisure time. Conversely, in post-traditional anomie, the quest for identity is debatably the greatest market of all, or the motivation underlies all markets, at least, marketing take for granted that we want goods primarily for the desirable and meaningful identities with which they might endow us. At the same time consumerism exploits mass identity crisis by offering its goods as solutions to the problems of identity, and in the procedure strengthens it by proffering ever more plural values and methods of being. Consumer culture breeds and lives in the cultural deficits of modernity. (Slater, D, 1997) As a conclusion, this essay goes overview the Mach and Eriks perspective on identity and Slaters concept about consumer culture and analyzes the relationship between those two themes: through consumer culture individuals could construct self-identity and present these identities when consuming, because goods can indicate social identity, in another word, people could construct identity in the back ground of consumer culture, this is a process we depend on our self and active. Also, we were received and guided through media consumption vice versa, this point was demonstrated by magazines and advertisement in consumer culture, and within this process compared to the previous one individuals are not so active to construct identity to some extent, they were guided by media information. Last, people making choice when consuming, when we make the wrong choice will lead to identity crisis, consumer culture increases the individuals experiences of anxiety and risk by offering more choice ima ges and choices of different identities and by raising the sense of social risk let in for making the wrong choice, This kind of risk may cause identity crisis to some extent with the process of modernity. Therefore, for the previous two points identity is fit with the contemporary notions of consumer culture, and for the last one, consumer culture poses the challenge for constructing an identity.